Destruction of surfaces touched by a hot object or by
flame is the obvious result of burns. But it is the way that heat
penetrates the deeper tissues and remains there that is the main
damaging factor. Immediately cooling of the burnt area takes first aid
priorty over applying dressings.
First Aid to be taken
Step 1 : Clothes
on fire
Smother the flames immediately with the first thick, large cloth available
(blanket, rug, towel). If it is wet, so much the better, but do not delay to
moisten it. Press down to exclude air.
Step 2 : Cool the
burn
A small area like a finger tip can be held in cold water running from a tap. A
part of the body which cannot be immersed should be covered with a thick cloth
pad soaked in cold water.
Step 3 :
Anticipate Swelling
Burnt tissues swell. remove any possible constrictions like rings or bangles.
Keeping a burnt limb elevated on cushions or bunched up blankets will help to
minimise the swelling.
Step 4 : Dress
the Burn
Cover it with the widest clean cloth available and bandage lightly. On a burnt
face apply a cloth in which you have cut holes for the eyes, nose and mouth.
Step 5 : Guard
against Shock
Take all necessary measures to minimise shock which can follow large burns. Let
the patient have half a cupful of water, with a little sugar and a pinch of
salt, sipped slowly every 10 or 15 minutes.
Step 6 : Get
expert Help
In the case of large burns call a doctor or send the patient immediately to
hospital by ambulance. |